Chapter 6 Infection Prevention

VOCABULARY

Biocidal- Process or ability to kill or control the growth of living organisms.

Surgical site infection- SSI- an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place.

Chain of Infection- A way of gathering the information needed to interrupt of prevent an infection. Each of the links in the chain must be favorable to the organism for the infection to continue breaking any link in the chain can disrupt the infection, Which link is most effective to target will depend on the organism.

Asepsis- in healthcare is an important piece of the basic knowledge required to work in CS.

There are two types of aseptic techniques:

Medical asepsis ( clean Technique) Procedures performed to reduce the numbers of microorganisms to minimize their spread. Examples : Hand washing, Decontamination Equipment.

Surgical Asepsis (Sterile equipment) Procedures to eliminate the presence of all microorganisms and/or prevent the introduction of microorganisms to an area.

Five basic principles of asepsis

1. Dirty

2. Clean

3. What is sterile?

4. Keep the above 1,2,3 separate

5. Remedy contamination immediately

Hand hygiene- washing hands with soap & water

PPE

1. Fluid resistant gown

2. mask

3. goggles

4. face shield

5. shoe covers

6. gloves

How to Put on

1. Gown

2. mask

3. face shield

4. shoe covers

5. gloves

How to Remove

1. shoe covers

2. gloves

3. face shield

4. gown

5. mask

6. head cover

7. wash hands

Fomite- An inanimate object that can transmit bacteria

SPD Temperature, Humidity & Air

Decontamination- 60 to 65 degrees, 30% to 60% humidity 10 air exchange

General Work area- 68-73 degrees, 30% to 60% humidity, 10 air exchange

Sterile Storage- 75 to Lower, Not exceed 70% humidity, 4 air exchange

Sterilization equipment- 75-85 degrees, 30% to 60% humidity, 10 air exchange

Causative agent- chain of infection the microorganism that causes an infectious disease.

Reservoir- chain of infection the place where an infectious agent microorganism can survive

Portal of exit chain of infection the path by which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir

Mode of transmission chain of infection the method of transfer of an infectious agent from the reservoir to a susceptible host.

Portal of entry chain of infection the path used by an infectious agent to enter a susceptible host.

susceptible host chain of infection a person or animal that lacks the ability to resist infection by an infectious agent.

Carrier a person or organism infected with an infectious disease agent, displays, no symptoms unaffected by the disease themselves carriers can transmit it to others.

Parenteral- Something that is put inside the body, but not by swallowing injection administered into the muscle

Colonization- Occurs when microorganisms live on or in a host organism, but do not invade tissues or cause damage.